PC Reviewer

Textual information has become obtainable in abundance on the internet, arising the necessity of techniques and tools to extract the meaningful information. One of such an important information extraction task is Named Entity Recognition and Classification. It is the situation of finding the members of numerous predetermined classes, such as for example person, organization, location, date/time, quantities, numbers etc. The thought of named entity extraction was first proposed in Sixth Message Understanding Conference in 1996. Since then, a number of techniques have been produced by many researchers for extracting diversity of entities from different languages and genres of text. Still, there is a growing interest among research community to produce more new approaches to extract diverse named entities which are helpful in several natural language applications. Here we present a survey of developments and progresses manufactured in Named Entity Recognition and Classification research. PC Reviewer

In the era of electronic and mobile commerce, massive variety of financial transactions are conducted online on regular basis, which created potential fraudulent opportunities. A typical fraudulent activity that involves developing a replica of a trustful website to deceive users and illegally obtain their credentials is website phishing. Website phishing is really a serious online fraud, costing banks, online users, governments, and other organisations severe financial damages. One conventional way of combat phishing is to boost awareness and educate novice users on different tactics utilised by phishers by conducting periodic training or workshops. However, this method has been criticised to be not affordable as phishing tactics are constantly changing besides it could require high operational cost. Another anti-phishing approach is to legislate or amend existing cyber security laws that persecute online fraudsters without minimising its severity. A more promising anti-phishing approach is to prevent phishing attacks using intelligent machine learning (ML) technology. By using this technology, a classification system is integrated in the browser in which it will detect phishing activities and communicate these with the conclusion user. This paper reviews and critically analyses legal, training, educational and intelligent anti-phishing approaches. Most importantly, approaches to combat phishing by intelligent and conventional are highlighted, besides revealing these approaches differences, similarities and positive and negative aspects from the user and performance prospective. Different stakeholders such as for example computer security experts, researchers in web security as well as business owners may likely benefit from this review on website phishing.

Virtualization technology allows multiple os's to generally share hardware resources of some type of computer system in an isolated manner. Traditionally, memory is shared by an operating system using segmentation and paging techniques. With virtualization, memory partitioning and management has several new challenges. For isolated and safe execution, hypervisors do not provide direct access to hardware resources. Not enough direct access to the memory management hardware like page tables disqualifies direct usage of virtual memory solutions utilized on native (non-virtualized) setups. Further, facets of dual control of the memory resource (by the guest OS and the hypervisor) and insufficient semantics regarding memory usage in virtual machines present additional challenges for memory management. This paper surveys different techniques of memory partitioning and management across multiple guest OSs in a virtualized environment.

A significant goal of virtualization is to increase the physical machine utilization to be able to save costs. With varying application demand for memory and diverse memory management policies of the guest OSs, ensuring optimal usage of memory is non-trivial. In this survey, challenges of memory management in virtualized systems, different memory management techniques using their implications, and optimizations to increase memory utilization are discussed in detail. https://pcreviewer.org